Intersecting miter



.(No Model.)

M. GATES. INTERSEGTING MITBR.

No. 500,570. Patented July 4, 1893.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MATTHIAS GATES, OF WICHITA, KANSAS, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO JONATHAN R. SNIVELY, OF SAME PLACE, AND ALFRED H. FLOWERAND ROBERT H. GROSS, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

INTERSECTING MITER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 500,570, dated July 4,1893.

Application filed July 16,1892. Serial No. 440.249. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern/.-

Be it known thatl, MATTHIAS GATES, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Wichita, in the county of Sedgwick and State ofKansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inIntersecting Miters, of which the following is a specication, referencebeing had therein to the accompanying drawings and the letters ofreference there- Io on, forming a part of this specification, in

which- Figure l. is a side view of the tool; Fig. 2.

a rear face view thereof; Fig. 3 a front face view thereof; Fig. at asectional view on line 1-1 of Fig. 1, looking toward the face; Fig. 5.

an end view of the tool; Fig. 6. a cross-sectional view on line 2-2. ofFig. l; Fig. 7. a face view of the protractor quadrant of the tool,showing, in dotted lines, a diagram, repzo resenting thereby the mannerof scaling the carpenters protractor of said quadrant; Fig. 8.a sideview of said protractor quadrant, and Fig. 9. is a perspective View ofan intersecting center-miter head, designed as an attach- 2 5 ment tothe intersecting miter-bevel.

This invention relates to certain improvements in a mechanics tool,designed for the purpose of a tri-square, a depth gage, a parallel gage,a miter-gage, a machinists bevel 3o gage, a carpenters bevel and pitchgage, a center gage, a rabbeting gage, and a scale, and consists in theparticular construction and novel arrangement of parts, whichimprovements are fully set forth in the following 3 5 specification',and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings F represents a frame, made in two opposite andsimilar parts, preferably of malleable iron; which frame parts arearranged with their plain 4o sides exactly opposite and facing eachother, and are held a uniform distance apart by means of interposedwashers w and tu', and are secured together, at the junction lof saidwashers, by means of rivets e and e arranged through corresponding holesof the frame parts and washers. Each said frame part f is provided withtwo side flanges, one of considerable comparative width shown at a andone of less width as shown at a; the said 5o flanges of one partextending in the opposite direction from those of the fellow frame part,

and so formed that those shown at ct are parallel with those shown ata', and so the face of each flange is at right angles to the facingsurfaces of the two frame parts.

One frame part F is provided, in its side,

with a semi-circular slot m arranged radiating from a point on a planewith the face of flanges a. a. and arranged to slide in said slot is aquadrant plate P having flanges D. D. 6o which are seated, or shoulderedin corresponding offsets of the frame adjoining the slot, as shown inFigs. 3, 4E, 6, 7 and 8. Secured to,

or made integral with, the inner side of said quadrant P isa guide barP', made of alength 65 equal to the width of frame F, and as thequadrant is causedl to slide in its slot, said guide bar, operates inthe space between the frame parts, see Figs. l and 7.

B is a scale blade, and is provided centrally 7o in one side with alongitudinal channel cl, in form corresponding with bar P, and extendingthroughout the length of the blade. The blade ythus formed is placedbetween the frame parts, adjacent quadrant P with bar P in the channel dof the blade; the position of said bar being such as to thus hold oneedge of blade B to register with the center point from whichsemi-circular slot m radiates, as represented in Fig. l, and by sucharrange- 8o ment of the blade its edge will thus intersect said centerpoint at all possible adjustments thereof with relation to the face offlanges a a, also by such arrangement the quadrant P is held wholly inone end portion of slot m when blade B is adjusted at right angle toframe F, so that one end of the quadrant will be held so its zero scalemark will be equal with said intersecting edge of the blade B, and at anequal line the frame adjacent each 9o side of slot m is provided with ascale indicator mark shown at n in Fig. l, and thus when the zero markof quadrant P registers with said mark n of the frame, it indicates thatthe blade B is held at a right angle to the faces ctct and a-a-of frameF.

As a means of describing the tool: more clearly I will designate theintersecting edge of the scaled blade -B as the forward edge,

and the opposite edge thereof as the rear edge, roo

and at or adjacent the rear edge of the blade B is arranged a thumbscrew S placed through a hole of one framed part and through aninterposed washer or collar C, (see Fig. 5) and turned into acorresponding screw threaded hole of the opposite frame part, and servesas a clamping screw, to be set to cause the two frame parts to clamp`and hold adjusted the blade B, the collar C 0f said screw serving as astop gage for the blade B when brought to the position as shown inFig. 1. And in such position of blade the tool may be used as atri-square; also, by maintaining such angle of the blade, it may bepassed between, the frame parts F with one end extending beyond the rearflan ge faces a-a and thus ad-` justing the blade it serves as a depthgage, and will serve such purpose at either face of the frame.

In Fig. l, the end of blade B extendingfrom flange faces a/-aisrepresented as provided with a hole g which hole is for the purpose ofinserting therein a scratch awl or pencil point, for parallel gagemarking, and by adjusting the blade to bring said hole certain givendistances, or desired distances, the tool may be used as a scratch gage.

On the face of quadrantP and adjacent its outer side, it is providedwith regular degree scales ranging from zero to ninety degrees, whichscale serves as a machinistsprotractor for adjusting blade B to anydesired angle within the arc of the quadrant. The inner side of thequadrant is provided with a carpenters pitch and bevel scale, rangingeach way from a position, or forty-five degrees angle position of theblade B, which scaling I term a carpenters protractor, and the saidscaling is such as to give, one-fourth, onethird, one half, andtwo-thirds pitch; the term pitch being commonly known to carpenters, asthe bevel or incline of roofs of buildings and the like. In determiningthe bevel of these various pitches, it has been customary t0 use anordinary square, striking a line, representing the hypotenuse of theangle; gaging the angles by locating the terminals of the hypotenusealong the sides of the square, (see the representation by dotted linesin Fig. 7,) wherein the sides of said square are represented rangingfrom the vertex `12 each way to O, and each side may be supposed to bedivided into inches and fractions thereof. The quadrant P is located inthis square as shown, and a series of radial lines are drawn, asrepresented by the dotted lines; which touch the points of the square atsuch points as represent the various pitches, being denoted, in onedirection, at 1l, 10, 9, 8, 7%, 6 and 5, and in the opposite directionat 8, 6 and 5. The quadrant is therefore marked at such places touchedby said radial lines, as shown; thus determining the scale of thecarpenters protractor, and when the said quadrant is moved in its slotand either said scale mark is brought to registerwith the indicator mark'n of the frame, such indicated angle will be given blade B,regardingthe face of the frame F as the base line or side line of theangle, and the blade representing the hypotenuse of the angle, and thus,the tool is adapted as a carpenters bevel and pitch gage, and by the useof the regular degree scales of the protractor the tool is adapted asamachinists bevel gage, and adj ustingeither protractorso its centerpoint will register with indicator mark n, the blade will be set to amiter, and thus the tool is adapted as a miter gage.

Flanges a"-a of the frame are made with miters, at either side of bladeB and at the end at the forward edge of said blade as shown at V, V, andV V which are miter-bevels, and between said two bevels, at the outermargin of said flanges, scale marks are made, and when lines are drawnfrom the vertex of the angle intersected by blade B, parallel withangles V, V, such lines will represent the various pitches indicated bysuch scaling, which is shown in the drawings as being ll, 10, 9, 71j-,which represent what is termed by carpentersas the jack-miters,ofpitches one-fourth, one third, one-half, and two-thirds, respectively.The opposite end of flanges a-a are beveled as shown at V which bevelsrepresent a one-third pitch. At the end of the tool adjacent forwardorintersecting edge of blade B the face of flanges a. a are scales d asshown in Fig. 3, representing one inch and a fraction ofan inch, whichscale is used as a gage locating the position of blade B when laying outrabbets, a term known by carpenters, when furrowing wood, and thus thetool is adapted as a rabbeting gage.

R represents a center-head, or square, and is made with a yoke J havingset therein a clamping screw H, and adapted to be adj usted on oneflange 0. adjacent blade B, as represented by dotted lines in Figs. 1and 5, so the side G of the yoke chamber will bear against the outeredge of said flange, and so the end G of .said chamber will bear againstthe square side Z of the flange, which will bring the vertex of theangle of said head to register with the center of the semi-circular slotM of the tool frame, with the side of the head close to blade B, asshown in Fig. l, and thus said head angle` intersects the intersectingpoint of the frame and blade of the tool, which results not only inproviding a center gage, but, also, in the use of said head, inproviding anintersecting bevel gage.

In uniting the two frame parts the interposed washer W is arranged so astoV project from the frame asshown in Fig. 1,and serves as a guide whenadjusting the tool to any certain work.

In forming the angles V.-V. of flanges a-a, the sides Z Z of the flangesare made to be at right angle with the length of the frame, and serve asa gage for squaring lumber or metal upon which the tool is adjusted.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and useful, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

IOC

IIO

1. The combination with the tWo-part-frame provided with the parallelface iianges; and with the semi-circular side slot, and clamping screw;of the scaled quadrant, provided with the cross-guide bar, and the bladeprovided With the longitudinal side channel, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

2. The intersecting miter-bevel comprising the two-part flanged framehaving a fiange of each part beveled and provided with pitch graduatingmarks and With the rabbet scale marks; the compound sliding prctractorarranged in a semi-circular slot of one frame part, and provided with aguide bar extending between the frame parts, and the graduated bladeprovided with the longitudinal side channel arranged between said frameparts, guided by said bar, and arranged with one edge intersecting thecenter of said semi-circular slot, and a clamping screw for holding theblade, when adjusted, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The herein described intersecting miterbevel provided with theadjustable blade, and with the opposite beveled flanges, substantiallyas set forth.

4. The herein described intersecting miterbevel provided with the adjustable blade, and

with the opposite beveled flanges and pitch graduating marks arranged,substantially as vset forth.

Way from the intersecting edge of the blade,

and provided with the rabbet scale marks, substantially as set forth.

6. The herein described intersecting miterbevel provided with theadjustable blade, and With .the sliding compound protractor arranged tobe adj usted jointly with the blade, With the opposite face fianges, andwith the square and bevel sides of said flanges, substantially as setforth.

7. The herein described intersecting miterbevel, provided with theparallel faces, with the sliding quadrant provided with the compoundprotractor, and with the adjustable intersecting blade, arranged to beadjusted jointly With said quadrant, substantially as set forth.

MATTHIAS GATES.

Witnesses:

WM. J. HUTcHINs, C. P. ALLING.

